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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šudalam | om šudal |
| 2SG: | šudalat | ot šudal |
| 3SG: | šudaleš | ok/ogeš šudal |
| 1PL: | šudalə̑na | ona/ogə̑na šudal |
| 2PL: | šudalə̑da | oda/ogə̑da šudal |
| 3PL: | šudalə̑t | ogə̑t šudal |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šudal'ə̑m | šə̑m šudal |
| 2SG: | šudal'ə̑č́ | šə̑č́ šudal |
| 3SG: | šudal'e | ə̑š šudal |
| 1PL: | šudalna | ə̑šna šudal |
| 2PL: | šudalda | ə̑šda šudal |
| 3PL: | šudal'ə̑č́ | ə̑št šudal |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šudalə̑nam | šudalə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | šudalə̑nat | šudalə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | šudalə̑n | šudalə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | šudalə̑nna | šudalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | šudalə̑nda | šudalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | šudalə̑nə̑t | šudalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šudalam ə̑l'e | om šudal ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šudalat ə̑l'e | ot šudal ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šudaleš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš šudal ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šudalə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na šudal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šudalə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da šudal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šudalə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t šudal ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šudalam ulmaš | om šudal ulmaš |
| 2SG: | šudalat ulmaš | ot šudal ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šudaleš ulmaš | ok/ogeš šudal ulmaš |
| 1PL: | šudalə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na šudal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | šudalə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da šudal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šudalə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t šudal ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šudalə̑nam ə̑l'e | šudalə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šudalə̑nat ə̑l'e | šudalə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šudalə̑n ə̑l'e | šudalə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šudalə̑nna ə̑l'e | šudalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šudalə̑nda ə̑l'e | šudalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šudalə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | šudalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šudalə̑nam ulmaš | šudalə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | šudalə̑nat ulmaš | šudalə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šudalə̑n ulmaš | šudalə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | šudalə̑nna ulmaš | šudalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | šudalə̑nda ulmaš | šudalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šudalə̑nə̑t ulmaš | šudalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | šudal | it šudal |
| 3SG: | šudalže | ə̑nže šudal |
| 1PL: | (šudalə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na šudal) |
| 2PL: | šudalza | ida šudal |
| 3PL: | šudalə̑št | ə̑nə̑št šudal |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šudalnem | ə̑nem šudal |
| 2SG: | šudalnet | ə̑net šudal |
| 3SG: | šudalneže | ə̑než šudal |
| 1PL: | šudalnena | ə̑nena šudal |
| 2PL: | šudalneda | ə̑neda šudal |
| 3PL: | šudalnešt | ə̑nešt šudal |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šudalnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem šudal ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šudalnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net šudal ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šudalneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než šudal ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šudalnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena šudal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šudalneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda šudal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šudalnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt šudal ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | šudalnet ulmaš | ə̑net šudal ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šudalneže ulmaš | ə̑než šudal ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | šudalneda ulmaš | ə̑neda šudal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šudalnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt šudal ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | šudalaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | šudalman |
| Active participle: | šudalše |
| Passive participle: | šudalme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | šudalšaš |
| Negative participle: | šudaldə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | šudalə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | šudalde |
| Gerund of prior action: | šudalmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | šudalmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | šudalšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | šudalmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | šudaldə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||